The Lost Battles Read online

  Study of the proportions of a horse’s foreleg (c. 1485–90)

  Pen and ink

  Royal Library, Windsor Castle

  RL 12294 recto

  Study of the proportions of a horse (c. 1489)

  Metalpoint on blue prepared paper

  Royal Library, Windsor Castle

  RL 12319 recto

  The layers of the brain and scalp compared with the layers of an onion (early 1490s)

  Pen, ink, and red chalk

  Royal Library, Windsor Castle

  RL 12603 recto

  Study for a Portrait of Isabella d’Este (c. 1499–1500)

  Black and red chalk

  Louvre Museum, Paris

  M.I. 753

  Studies of the Virgin and Child with St. Anne (probably c. 1499–1500)

  Pen and brown ink and wash over black chalk (recto); black chalk (verso)

  Department of Prints and Drawings, British Museum, London

  Inventory 1875-6-12-17

  Virgin and Child with St. Anne and John the Baptist (cartoon) (c. 1499–1500)

  Black chalk and touches of white chalk on joined sheets of paper mounted on canvas

  National Gallery, London

  NG6337

  Map of the River Arno (probably 1503)

  Charcoal or soft black chalk, reworked with pen and dark brown ink, and brush with brown and grey wash

  Royal Library, Windsor

  RL 12279

  Michelangelo’s David and other studies (c. 1504)

  Pen and ink over black chalk

  Royal Library, Windsor Castle

  RL 12591 recto

  Sketches for The Battle of Anghiari (autumn 1503–early 1504)

  Pen and ink, brush and brown wash over traces of stylus (?)

  Accademia Gallery, Venice

  Inventory 215 A

  Sketches for The Battle of Anghiari (autumn 1503–early 1504)

  Pen and ink, over black chalk and traces of stylus (?)

  Accademia Gallery, Venice

  Inventory 215

  Sketches for The Battle of Anghiari (autumn 1503–early 1504)

  Pen and brown ink

  Accademia Gallery, Venice

  Inventory 216

  Studies of charging soldiers and horses (1503–4)

  Red chalk

  Royal Library, Windsor Castle

  RL 12340

  Study of soldiers and horses (1503–4) on sheet with earlier studies of proportion

  Anghiari studies in red chalk

  Accademia Gallery, Venice

  Inventory 236

  Rearing Horse (1503–4)

  Red chalk with traces of pen and brown ink

  Royal Library, Windsor Castle

  RL 12336

  Studies of horsemen (1503–4)

  Pen and ink

  Department of Prints and Drawings, British Museum, London

  Inventory 1854-5-13-17

  Horses and equine, leonine, and human facial expressions (1503–4)

  Pen, ink, and wash with traces of black and red chalk

  Royal Library, Windsor Castle

  RL 12326 recto

  Heads of Two Soldiers (1504–5)

  Black and red chalk over metalpoint

  Szépmüvészeti Múzeum, Budapest

  Inventory 1175 recto

  Neptune and His Sea Horses (c. 1504)

  Charcoal or soft black chalk

  Royal Library, Windsor Castle

  RL 12570

  Rearing Horse and Rider; Leda and the Swan (recto); Mortars Bombarding a Fortification (verso) (c. 1504)

  Charcoal or soft black chalk, details highlighted with pen and ink

  Royal Library, Windsor Castle

  RL 12337

  A Row of Four Mortars Bombarding a Fortification (c. 1504)

  Pen and brown ink and wash over traces of charcoal or soft black chalk

  Royal Library, Windsor Castle

  RL 12275

  Study of a spray of blackberry (c. 1505)

  Red chalk with white details

  Royal Library, Windsor Castle

  RL 12419 recto

  Star of Bethlehem (flower study) (c. 1506–8)

  Pen and ink, red chalk

  Royal Library, Windsor Castle

  RL 12424 recto

  Job’s Tears (flower study) (c. 1508–9)

  Pen and ink, black chalk

  Royal Library, Windsor Castle

  RL 12429 recto

  Studies of the muscles of the lips (c. 1506)

  Pen and ink, black chalk

  Royal Library, Windsor Castle

  RL 19055 verso

  Foetus in the Womb (c. 1510)

  Pen and ink, wash, red chalk

  Royal Library, Windsor Castle

  RL 19102 recto

  Studies for the Trivulzio Monument (c. 1508–11)

  Pen and ink

  Royal Library, Windsor Castle

  RL 12355 recto

  Deluges (c. 1515)

  Black chalk

  Royal Library, Windsor Castle

  RL 12377, 12378, 12382, 12383, 12385, 12386.

  Angel Incarnate (c. 1513–15)

  Charcoal

  Private Collection

  2. WORKS BY MICHELANGELO BUONARROTI

  PAINTINGS

  Manchester Madonna (c. 1497)

  Tempera on wood

  National Gallery, London

  Entombment (c. 1500–1)

  Oil on wood

  National Gallery, London

  Doni Tondo (c. 1504–7)

  Tempera on wood

  Uffizi Gallery, Florence

  Sistine Ceiling (1508–12)

  Fresco

  Sistine Chapel, Vatican, Rome

  ARCHITECTURE

  New Sacristy (1519–34)

  San Lorenzo, Florence

  Laurentian Library (1523–33; staircase completed 1555–8)

  San Lorenzo, Florence

  St. Peter’s Basilica (Michelangelo’s works 1546–64)

  Vatican, Rome

  SCULPTURES

  Battle of the Centaurs (1492)

  Marble

  Casa Buonarroti, Florence

  St. Proculus (1494–5)

  Marble

  Basilica of San Domenico, Bologna

  St. Petronius (1494–5)

  Marble

  Basilica of San Domenico, Bologna

  Bacchus (1496–7)

  Marble

  Bargello Museum, Florence

  Pietà (1498–9)

  Marble

  St. Peter’s Basilica, Vatican, Rome

  David (1501–4)

  Marble

  Accademia Gallery, Florence

  Taddei Tondo (c. 1503–6)

  Marble

  Royal Academy of Arts, London

  Bruges Madonna (c. 1503–1504/5)

  Marble

  Notre Dame, Bruges

  St. Matthew (1506)

  Marble

  Accademia Gallery, Florence

  Dying Prisoner and Rebellious Prisoner (c. 1513–16)

  Marble

  Louvre Museum, Paris

  Moses (c. 1513–16, reworked for its current site in 1542)

  Marble

  San Pietro in Vincoli, Rome

  Boboli Prisoners (c. 1519–34)

  Marble

  Accademia Gallery, Florence

  Victory (c. 1519–34)

  Marble

  Palazzo Vecchio, Florence

  Tombs of Lorenzo and Giuliano de’ Medici (1519–34)

  Marble

  New Sacristy, San Lorenzo, Florence

  Brutus (c. 1542)

  Marble

  Bargello Museum, Florence

  DRAWINGS

  Sketch for the bronze David and other studies (c. 1502)

  Pen and ink

  Louvre Museum, Paris

  Inventory 714

  Studies of horses and a sketch of a battle (1504)

  Pen and ink

  Ashmo
lean Museum, Oxford

  P. 293 recto

  A Battle (1504)

  Pen and ink

  Ashmolean Museum, Oxford

  P. 294 recto

  A Battle Scene and Two Figures (recto); architectural

  sketches and poetry (verso) (1504)

  Pen and ink

  British Museum, London

  1895-9-15-496

  Compositional drawing for The Battle of Cascina (1504–5)

  Black chalk over stylus

  Cabinet of Prints and Drawings, Uffizi Gallery, Florence

  Inventory 613

  Copy from Masaccio’s Adam and Eve (probably 1504);

  figures for The Battle of Cascina on verso

  Red chalk

  Louvre Museum, Paris

  Inventory 3897

  Figure for The Battle of Cascina (1504–5)

  Pen and ink, black chalk

  Louvre Museum, Paris

  Inventory 712

  A Seated Male Nude Twisting Around (1504–5)

  Pen and ink, wash, heightened with lead white over leadpoint and stylus

  British Museum, London

  1887-5-2-116

  A Male Nude (1504–5)

  Black chalk heightened with lead white

  Teyler Museum, Haarlem

  A 18

  A Male Nude (1504–5)

  Black chalk heightened with lead white

  Teyler Museum, Haarlem

  A 19

  A Male Nude (1504–5)

  Black chalk heightened with lead white

  Albertina, Vienna

  Sc. R. 157r, 123

  Designs for the fortifications of Florence (1528)

  Mostly pen and ink and wash

  Casa Buonarroti, Florence

  Inventory numbers 11 to 30

  Portrait of Andrea Quaratesi (c. 1528–32)

  Black chalk

  British Museum, London

  1895-9-15-519

  3. WORKS BY OTHER ARTISTS

  Bartolommeo Ammanati

  Neptune Fountain (1560–75)

  Bronze and marble

  Piazza della Signoria, Florence

  Anonymous Artist

  Battle of Anghiari (1460s)

  Tempera on poplar wood

  National Gallery of Ireland

  Dublin

  Anonymous Artist

  Can Grande della Scala on Horseback (fourteenth century)

  Marble

  Castelvecchio Museum, Verona

  Verona

  Antonello da Messina

  St. Jerome in His Study (c. 1475)

  Oil on limewood

  National Gallery, London

  Fra Bartolommeo

  Madonna and Child with St. Anne and Other Saints (1510–13)

  Preliminary drawing on wood

  Museum of San Marco, Florence

  Bayeux Tapestry (c. 1070–80)

  Wool embroidery on linen

  Museum of the Bayeux Tapestry, Bayeux

  Bertoldo di Giovanni

  A Battle (c. 1475)

  Bronze

  Bargello Museum, Florence

  Bonnino da Campione (attributed)

  Equestrian Monument to Bernabò Visconti (before 1363)

  Marble

  Castello Sforzesco, Milan

  Sandro Botticelli

  The Discovery of the Body of Holofernes and The

  Return of Judith (both c. 1470–72)

  Tempera on wood

  Uffizi Gallery, Florence

  Sandro Botticelli

  Adoration of the Magi (c. 1475)

  Tempera on wood

  Uffizi Gallery, Florence

  Sandro Botticelli

  St. Augustine in His Study (c. 1480)

  Detached fresco

  Ognissanti, Florence

  Sandro Botticelli

  Primavera (c. 1481–2)

  Grease tempera on wood

  Uffizi Gallery, Florence

  Sandro Botticelli

  Pallas and the Centaur (c. 1482)

  Tempera on linen

  Uffizi Gallery, Florence

  Sandro Botticelli

  The Birth of Venus (c. 1484)

  Tempera on linen

  Uffizi Gallery, Florence

  Sandro Botticelli

  Venus and Mars (c. 1485)

  Tempera and oil on poplar wood

  National Gallery, London

  Sandro Botticelli

  Drawings for Dante’s Divine Comedy (1480s and 1490s)

  Pen and ink and other media

  Vatican Library, Rome, and Kupferstichkabinett, Berlin

  Sandro Botticelli

  The Calumny of Apelles (c. 1495)

  Tempera on wood

  Uffizi Gallery, Florence

  Sandro Botticelli

  The Agony in the Garden (1500–4)

  Tempera on wood

  Capilla de los Reyes, Granada

  Sandro Botticelli

  Mystic Nativity (1500)

  Oil on canvas

  National Gallery, London

  Bronzino

  Allegory with Venus and Cupid (c. 1540–50)

  Oil on wood

  National Gallery, London

  Filippo Brunelleschi

  The Sacrifice of Isaac (1402–3)

  Bronze with gilding

  Bargello Museum, Florence

  Caravaggio

  Medusa (c. 1598)

  Oil on canvas on wooden shield

  Uffizi Gallery, Florence

  Caravaggio

  Judith Beheading Holofernes (c. 1599)

  Oil on canvas

  Barberini Palace, Rome

  Benvenuto Cellini

  Perseus (1545–54)

  Bronze

  Loggia della Signoria, Florence

  Lucas Cranach

  Judith (c. 1530)

  Oil on limewood

  Kunsthistorisches Museum, Vienna

  Salvador Dalí

  Study for Spain (1936)

  Pencil and China ink on paper

  Fundació Gala–Salvador Dalí, Figueres

  Salvador Dalí

  Spain (1938)

  Oil on canvas

  Boijmans Van Beuningen Museum, Rotterdam

  Domus Aurea wall paintings (1st century A.D.)

  Fresco

  Domus Aurea, Esquiline, Rome

  Donatello

  Equestrian Monument of Erasmo da Narni,

  known as Gattemalata (c. 1444–53)

  Bronze

  Piazza del Santo, Padua

  Donatello

  David (c. 1446–60)

  Bronze

  Bargello Museum, Florence

  Donatello

  Judith (c. 1446–60)

  Bronze

  Palazzo Vecchio, Florence

  Albrecht Dürer

  The Men’s Bathhouse (c. 1496–7)

  Woodcut

  Cleveland Museum of Art

  Albrecht Dürer

  Melencolia I (1514)

  Engraving

  British Museum, London

  Lorenzo Ghiberti

  The Sacrifice of Isaac (1402–3)

  Bronze with gilding

  Bargello Museum, Florence

  Domenico Ghirlandaio

  An Old Man and His Grandson (c. 1490)

  Tempera on wood

  Louvre Museum, Paris

  Domenico Ghirlandaio

  The Life of the Virgin (1485–90)

  Fresco cycle

  Capella Maggiore, Santa Maria Novella, Florence

  Ridolfo Ghirlandaio

  Christ on the Road to Calvary (c. 1505)

  Oil on canvas, transferred from wood

  National Gallery, London

  Giambologna

  Rape of the Sabines (completed 1582)

  Marble

  Loggia della Signoria, Florence

  Giambologna

  Model for Florence Triumphant over Pisa (1565)

  Gesso

  Palazzo Vecchio, Florencer />
  Benozzo Gozzoli

  Procession of the Magi (c. 1459)

  Fresco

  Chapel, Palazzo Medici-Riccardi, Florence

  Francesco Granacci (attributed)

  Portrait of a Man in Armour (c. 1510)

  Oil on wood

  National Gallery, London

  Gustav Klimt

  Judith (1901)

  Oil on canvas

  Austrian Gallery, Belvedere, Vienna

  Frederic, Lord Leighton

  Cimabue’s Celebrated Madonna Is Carried in Procession Through the Streets of Florence (1853–6)

  Oil on canvas

  National Gallery, London

  Peter Lely

  Nymphs by a Fountain (c. 1650)

  Oil on canvas

  Dulwich Picture Gallery, London

  Leonardo da Vinci (copy of)

  Leda and the Swan (c. 1505–7)

  Oil on wood

  Uffizi Gallery, Florence

  Filippino Lippi

  Saint Philip Exorcising the Demon in the Temple of Mars (1487–1502)

  Fresco

  Santa Maria Novella, Florence

  Filippino Lippi

  Triumph of Saint Thomas over the Heretics (1489–91)

  Fresco

  Santa Maria sopra Minerva, Rome

  Filippo Lippi

  The Annunciation (c. 1450–3)

  Egg tempera on wooden panel

  National Gallery, London

  Ambrogio Lorenzetti

  Allegory of Good Government (1338–9)

  Fresco

  Palazzo Pubblico, Siena

  Lorenzo Lotto